Abstract
GP-11 KHV DNA vaccine is a vaccine that can be used to induce immunity against the KHV virus (Koi herpesvirus). Vaccination through feed is an alternative way of administering vaccines. The study aimed to examine the effect of giving KHV GP-11 DNA vaccine through feed with different frequencies to KHV infection. The frequency of vaccine administration is GP-11 vaccination once a week; GP-11(1x), GP-11 vaccination twice a week; GP-11(2x), GP-11 vaccination three times a week; GP-11(3x), GP-25 vaccinations three times a week; GP-25(3x), negative control (without KHV test) and positive control (KHV tested). The fish were kept for 28 days after vaccination and then continued with the KHV challenge test for 28 days. The weight of carp ranges from 13.82±2.37 g maintained with a density of 15 fish/aquarium. The results showed that vaccine treatment was able to induce an immune response as indicated by the number of white blood cells, lysozyme activity and post-vaccination antibody titer showed a significant effect compared to controls. Likewise, after the challenge test, supported by IFNγ and IgM gene expression parameters after the challenge test showed the highest value of vaccine treatment rather than control. The efficacy of vaccine was showed by RPS value (%) in each vaccine treatment obtained GP-11(1x) value of 44.7±3.7a, GP-11(2x) of 78.9±18.2b, GP-11(3x) 85.6±12.6b and GP-25(3x) 79.5±18.1b. It was concluded that administering the GP-11 vaccine frequency 2 times a week provides protection as strong as giving a vaccine frequency 3 times a week.Keywords: common carp, DNA vaccine, frequency of administration, koi herpesvirus
Highlights
Diseases caused by koi herpesvirus (KHV) infection are infectious viral diseases in carp and koi that cause significant mortality reaching 80100% of the population (Bergmann et al, 2010)
GP-11 KHV DNA and GP-25 KHV DNA vaccines showed a protective impact in carp against KHV infection rather than control
This was shown in the results of the survival value of the vaccine treatment, which was higher than the positive control, where the Survival Rate (SR) value (Table 1) of the vaccine treatments were GP-11(1x) of 73.1%, GP-11(2x) of 89.7%, GP-11(3x) of 93% and GP-25(3x) of 90%, differed significantly from positive controls of 51.3%
Summary
Diseases caused by koi herpesvirus (KHV) infection are infectious viral diseases in carp and koi that cause significant mortality reaching 80100% of the population (Bergmann et al, 2010). GP-11 KHV DNA vaccine uses gene sequences that encode the open reading frame (ORF) glycoprotein 81 of an immunogenic KHV virus using a keratin promoter (Alimuddin et al, Personal communication). KHV DNA vaccine research through feed was previously reported by Nuryati et al, (2015) used GP-25 KHV DNA whole cell vaccine with a frequency of 3 times for 7 days resulted in RPS of 84%. The GP-25 KHV DNA vaccine used gene sequences that encode the ORF 25 glycoprotein from an immunogenic KHV virus with a beta-actin promoter (Nuryati et al, 2010). Another alternative is giving vaccines through feed (oral vaccination). In this study the application of the KHV GP-11 DNA vaccine through feed with different frequency of administration compared with the KHV GP-25 DNA vaccine
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