Efficacy of Etanercept in the Management of Plaque Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis

Abstract

Etanercept is a fully human dimeric fusion protein that reversibly binds tumor necrosis factor α. The first approved indication for etanercept was for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It has also been shown to be highly efficacious in numerous large-scale trials for the treatment of plaque psoriasis; this indication was approved in Canada, the United States, and Europe. The recommended dosing of etanercept for plaque psoriasis is 50 mg twice weekly for 12 weeks, followed by a maintenance dose of 50 mg per week. Etanercept given at 50 mg twice weekly for 12 weeks significantly improved plaque psoriasis, as assessed by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), in which 75% reduction in PASI scores (PASI 75) has been the gold standard for judging effective therapy. Dosing given for 12 weeks produced PASI 75 rates of 47 to 49% in the phase 3 clinical trials. Longer treatment periods at this dosage have been investigated, from 24 to 48 weeks, with PASI 75 increasing to 63%. The importance of quality of life for psoriasis patients has been the focus of recent trials, and etanercept has been shown significant improvement in quality of life measures. Interim results from a phase 3b study suggest that etanercept may help reduce the burden of health care resources use by psoriatics. Etanercept has also shown efficacy in nail psoriasis. Case reports indicate that etanercept may be useful in psoriatic erythroderma, pustular psoriasis, guttate psoriasis, and palmopustular psoriasis. Etanercept is an effective biologic agent currently approved for the management of plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.