Abstract
Background and Aim:Canine demodicosis is a skin disease that is a major global health problem in dogs. Ivermectin is a drug of choice for treatment, but it may cause toxicity in dogs carrying multidrug resistance mutation-1 gene mutations. Hence, alternative herbal medicines are used instead of the drug, such as Dipterocarpus alatus oil (YN oil), Rhinacanthus nasutus leaf (WC), and Garcinia mangostana pericarps (MG) extracts. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of D. alatus oil, R. nasutus leaf, and G. mangostana pericarp extracts on canine demodicosis in vivo.Materials and Methods:Twenty-five mixed-breed dogs with localized demodicosis were examined. Dogs were diagnosed with demodicosis through deep skin scraping and screened with the inclusion criteria. Five dogs of each group were treated in five treatment groups (ivermectin, YN oil, YN oil+WC, YN oil+MG, and YN oil+WC+MG) for 1 month. The individual dogs were clinically evaluated, and the dermatological lesions were monitored daily for 60 days.Results:Dermatological lesion improvement was predominantly observed in the group of dogs treated with YN oil+WC. This was evidenced by the disappearance of the hyperpigmentation and lichenification on day 28 post-treatment and alopecia on day 56 post-treatment. Moreover, no allergic or clinical signs were observed during treatment.Conclusion:YN oil+WC is an alternative herbal medicine that could be used for the treatment of localized canine demodicosis.
Highlights
Canine demodicosis is a parasitic skin disease in dogs that occurs worldwide, including in Thailand
The dermatological lesions were gradually reduced, and normal hair regrowth was observed at 14 days post-treatment with YN oil and YN oil+white crane flower (WC)
Lichenification lesions of dogs treated with YN oil+WC+mangostana pericarps (MG) and YN oil+WC were reduced by 20% and 40% after 21 days post-treatment, respectively
Summary
Canine demodicosis is a parasitic skin disease in dogs that occurs worldwide, including in Thailand. It is caused by the proliferation of Demodex canis in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands [1]. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of D. alatus oil, R. nasutus leaf, and G. mangostana pericarp extracts on canine demodicosis in vivo
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