Efficacy of Dental Bleaching with Diode Laser, Led Irradiation and Chemical Activation System: a Comparative Study

Abstract

Aim: To compare the effectiveness and safety of various methods of professional teeth bleaching using light and chemical activation systems in an in vivo study. Materials and Methods: Teeth whitening was performed on 48 patients aged 20 to 35, divided into 4 groups. In patients of group 1 for dental bleaching a diode laser activation was used, group 2 – LED/gel activation, group 3 – chemical whitening with the following remineralization therapy, group 4 – chemical whitening without remineralization therapy. The study of the effect of bleaching systems on the hard tooth tissues was carried out by index assessment, determination of biochemical parameters of an oral fluid. Results: Laser bleaching of the vital teeth was significantly more effective than the other methods with 95% confidence level and did not affect the structure of hard dental tissues and mineral exchange of the oral fluid. LED irradiation has a high whitening effect, but leads to dentin hypersensitivity and a decrease in phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase of oral fluid. Chemical bleaching causes a decrease in enamel resistance, the occurrence of tooth sensitivity, violation of mineral exchange of oral fluid, therefore; it requires combined use with local remotherapy. Conclusions: Laser teeth bleaching is the effective and safe method in management of discolored teeth. A positive result of its use can be considered an improvement of color change of the teeth by 3.33 shades compared to chemical bleaching, enamel stability, low values of dental hypersensitivity indices, no changes in biochemical parameters of the oral fluid.