Abstract
It has become important to diagnose the pathology of any site in early stage to improve the prognosis of the disease process since there is limited resources in our country. Since FNAC is easy to perform, simple, cost effective procedure requiring minimal setup, we conducted this study to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in comparison to histopathology.This was a retrospective and prospective study carried out for a duration of 4 years and included total of 483 cases referred to Pathology Department. Biopsy was performed in all cases after FNAC and the findings were correlated.Of the 483 cases, patients belonged to age group of 10 to 70 years. In case of breast lesions all were females, in lymph node, lung & miscellaneous lesions there was male preponderance while in thyroid female preponderance was observed. The sensitivity & specificity of cytopathology in Breast was 98.87% & 78.26%, in Lung 98.18% & 86.66%, in Lymph node 93.93% & 85.71%, in Thyroid 93.18% & 85.71%, while in Miscellaneous 93.33% & 87.5% respectively.FNAC can be used safely and can be relied upon in diagnosis of various pathologies even in centres with limited facilities & it can be set up at OPD level also, thus aiding in timely management of the patient. The overall Sensitivity and Specificity of cytopathological examination was good. PPV & NPV were within acceptable range.
Highlights
Cytopathology is a branch of pathology that studies and diagnoses diseases at cellular level
This study was taken to evaluate the accuracy of cytopathology in comparison to histopathological diagnosis and to validate the findings of other authors
Patients belonged to age ranging from 10 years to 75 years. All these cases were categorized on the basis of site of origin into lesions of Breast, Lung, Thyroid, Lymph node and miscellaneous and were classified broadly into Benign and Malignant
Summary
Cytopathology is a branch of pathology that studies and diagnoses diseases at cellular level. This technique is generally used on samples of free cells or tissue fragments. This technique was first introduced by Martin and Ellis in 1930, for the diagnosis of different organ lesions. Basis as it does not require sophisticated instruments or set up. It confirms the presence of metastatic disease and gives clues regarding the nature and origin of malignant tumor.[3] This study was taken to evaluate the accuracy of cytopathology in comparison to histopathological diagnosis and to validate the findings of other authors
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