Abstract
Problem statement: There are several anthelmintic classes based on chemical structure that are in use, but, during the last 20 years, it has been increasingly noted that the target parasites have become resistant, the incidence varying with geographical location and mode of use. Approach: In this study, 60 apparently healthy cows under the same management conditions of the experiment, feces (EPG) were examined. Cows divided to 2 groups (30 = control, 30 = treated with closantel 5%) then treated cows received 10 mg kg-1 B.W closantel 5% oraly and After treatment the cow, faecal samples from each of 2 groups were examined in days 1-7-21-28 after treatment by wet-mount and willis-methods and MC-master slid used for egg count. Results: Therefore Closantel 5% drugs if used oraly by dosage 1 mL 10 kg-1 B.W in cow against Fasciola hepatica and Haemonchus spp. Bunostomum phlebotomum been quite effective (average percentage of drug effect = 97%) and used for control and prevention of parasitic infections in cow was recommended. Conclusion: Therefore Closantel 5% is an effective drug against cattle gastrointestinal helminthes in Iran.
Highlights
Anthelmintics are used extensively to control helminth parasites in animals and are especially useful in domestic farm livestock and those species that graze on pasture and inevitably ingest the infective stages of the parasites
There are several anthelmintic classes based on chemical structure that are in use, but, during the last 20 years, it has been increasingly noted that the target parasites have become resistant, the incidence varying with geographical location and mode of use
Combinations of drugs can sometimes be used in conjunction with the knowledge of local epidemiology of parasites to reduce the frequency of treatment and further reduce exposure of the worms to the anthelmintics
Summary
Anthelmintics are used extensively to control helminth parasites in animals and are especially useful in domestic farm livestock and those species that graze on pasture and inevitably ingest the infective stages of the parasites. It has been shown that the clinical effectiveness of anthelmintics is closely related to their pharmacokinetic profiles (Bassisi et al, 2004; Bogan and McKellar, 1988; Toutain et al, 1988; Craven et al, 2002). Lanusse and Prichard (1993) noted that slight modifications to plasma concentration can have a large effect on the persistence and availability of avermectins such as ivermectin. A novel product combining closantel and ivermectin in a single formulation has been developed and licensed for use in cattle. In order to ensure that the product can be expected to possess the same efficacy against sensitive helminths as those products licensed in singleconstituent formulations, it is necessary to establish that the pharmacokinetic profiles of ivermectin and closantel are not altered in the formulated dual component product 1999a; 1999b; Sallovitz et al, 2002; Toutain et al, 1997; Toutain and Koritz, 1997)
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