Abstract
AbstractMosquito-borne diseases are causing serious damage to public health worldwide, and control of these deadly mosquito vectors is a major thrust area for epidemiologists and public health workers. Therefore, the present research reports an eco-friendly solution with multipotency of silver nanoparticle fabricated from shrimp shell biowaste in controlling mosquitoes and bacterial pathogens. The biofabricated chitosan silver nanoparticles (Cs-AgNPs) were confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and zeta potential analysis. The TEM studies showed that the obtained Cs-AgNPs were mostly spherical in shape. Low doses of chitosan and Cs-AgNPs showed high mosquitocidal properties against both larvae and adult ofAnopheles stephensi,Aedes aegypti, andCulex quinquefasciatus.The LC50(lethal concentration 50%) of Cs-AgNPs was 10.240 ppm (fourth instar larvae) and 9.671 ppm (adult) forAn. stephensi; 11.349 ppm (fourth instar) and 12.015 ppm (adult) forAe. aegyptiand 12.426 ppm (fourth instar) and 12.965 ppm (adult) forCx. quinquefasciatus.The concerning part of antibacterial studies showed that Cs-AgNP had significant inhibition on tested bacterial pathogens. Overall, this study shows that chitosan extracted from the shrimp shell wastes can be used as a potential source for controlling major mosquito vectors.
Highlights
The shellfish industry is a major sector of fisheries that has huge economic value
Chen et al [52] studied the UV absorption pattern against various dose of γ-ray irradiation on chitosan nanoparticles. They reported that a single narrow peak is produced at low irradiation dose (27 kGy) thereby indicating narrow size distribution pattern of chitosan nanoparticles
Our study shows that chitosan-synthesized AgNPs can be effectively used for managing key mosquito vectors
Summary
During the processing of shrimps, mainly the flesh is used for consumption; shell and head portions are generated as wastes This huge amount of biowaste is a serious environmental concern, which leads to unhygienic atmosphere along with severe obnoxious smell. By deproteinization and demineralization of shell wastes we can obtain chitin This chitin can be deacetylated to produce chitosan – a polysaccharide with multiple uses [1]. Chitosan can increase host plant defences thereby helping in plant protection [2,3]. It is used as a potential antitranspirant to conserve water in agriculture [4]. Anand et al [16] observed that crab- and squilla-derived chitosan nanoparticles were
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