Efficacy of Carotid Artery Stenting

Abstract

Carotid Artery Stenting(CAS) was performed for 51 lesions in 46 patients for almost clinically symptomatic stenotic (> 70%)lesions of cervical carotid arteries. The lesions involved the contralateral occlusion cases in eight cases, the bilateral stenotic cases in six cases and the ipsilateral internal carotid artery stenotic cases in two cases. In all cases, endovascular technique was performed from a transfemoral approach under local anesthesia primarily. Under systemic heparinization, CAS was performed using a selfexpanding stent system. For the pre-stenting and post-stenting dilatation, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) balloon catheters were used. The balloon was inflated up to the pressure of six to ten atoms for 20 to 30 seconds.After CAS, stenotic lesion dilated successfully in all cases (0-20% residual stenosis; mean, 5.5%) even if in the case of the contra-lateral occlusion cases, more than 90% severe stenotic cases, and the tortuous artery cases. The cerebral protection system was always used, mainly distal blocking balloon type. Only one symptomatic complication occurred after CAS. Follow-up ultrasonic carotid echogram was performed in 30 cases.No cases showed restenosis (more than 50% restenosis). Clinical follow up was performed in all cases for one to 41 months (mean, 15.2 months) and no clinical deterioration such as TIA or stroke occurred. CAS is technically feasible and can be performed with relatively low morbidity even if complicated stenotic cases. It may be useful, but the increase the number of patients and the long-term follow-up are necessary to evaluate the safety and usefulness of this method.