Abstract
The traditional use of Murraya koenigii as Asian folk medicine prompted us to investigate its wound healing ability. Three carbazole alkaloids (mahanine (1), mahanimbicine (2), mahanimbine (3)), essential oil and ethanol extract of Murraya koenigii were investigated for their efficacy in healing subcutaneous wounds. Topical application of the three alkaloids, essential oil and crude extract on 8 mm wounds created on the dorsal skin of rats was monitored for 18 days. Wound contraction rate and epithelialization duration were calculated, while wound granulation and collagen deposition were evaluated via histological method. Wound contraction rates were obvious by day 4 for the group treated with extract (19.25%) and the group treated with mahanimbicine (2) (12.60%), while complete epithelialization was achieved on day 18 for all treatment groups. Wounds treated with mahanimbicine (2) (88.54%) and extract of M. koenigii (91.78%) showed the highest rate of collagen deposition with well-organized collagen bands, formation of fibroblasts, hair follicle buds and with reduced inflammatory cells compared to wounds treated with mahanine (1), mahanimbine (3) and essential oil. The study revealed the potential of mahanimbicine (2) and crude extract of M. koenigii in facilitation and acceleration of wound healing.
Highlights
In most Asian countries, herbal products play an important role in the treatment of wounds, burns, intestinal problems, coughs and general torpor [1]
A total of 0.12% (w/w) of aromatic yellow oil was obtained from leaves of M. koenigii by hydro distillation and 1 μL was subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis
Compared to the rest of the experimental groups, on 4th day post wounding, the wound contraction for animals treated with extract reached 19.25%, followed by wound contraction for animals treated with mahanimbicine (2, 12.60%)
Summary
In most Asian countries, herbal products play an important role in the treatment of wounds, burns, intestinal problems, coughs and general torpor [1]. Use of traditional remedies and plants in the treatment of burns and wounds is an important aspect of health management and is an efficient way to promote cheaper healthcare options [2,3]. Wound healing is a process of removing damaged tissues or invaded pathogens from the body to restore the continuity and architecture of cutaneous and/or visceral defects [9]. This complex cascade of events starts from the moment of injury and continues for varying periods of time. Explore the pharmacological potential of this plant, the present study was carried out to investigate the wound healing potential of carbazole alkaloids, essential oil and crude extract of M. koenigii
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