Efficacy of behavioral intervention adjunctive to rosuvastatin for antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Objective To test the efficacy of behavioral intervention and rosuvastatin alone and in combination for antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome. Methods One hundred and twenty eight schizophrenic patients who met the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome were randomly divided into four groups: behavioral intervention plus rosuvastatin (5 mg/d), rosuvastatin (5 mg/d), behavioral intervention, placebo. And four groups all finished 12-week individual treatments. The total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood-glucose, blood pressure, height and body weight were measured at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, and 12. In addition, the body mass index (BMI) were calculated. All patients were assessed with the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS),Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Treatment Emergent Syndrome Scale (TESS) at baseline and at week 12 to evaluate the schizophrenia quality of life, cognitive function, efficacy and side effects. Results (1) After treatment, the triglyceride, glucose, body fat index, systolic pressure levels decreased significantly in the behavioral intervention plus rosuvastatin (t=6.37, 3.56, 5.26, 3.71, P<0.05), the high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly (t=-3.89). The triglyceride, glucose, body fat index, systolic pressure levels decreased significantly in the rosuvastatin (t=3.19, 8.44, 2.76, 3.86, P<0.05), the high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly (t=-1.80, P<0.05). The triglyceride, glucose, body fat index, systolic pressure levels decreased significantly (t=2.94, 3.10, 3.50, 3.38, P<0.05), the high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly (t=-3.06, P<0.05) in the behavioral intervention group. (2) After treatment, the triglycerides (95%CI:-0.249--0.091, -0.308--0.152, all P<0.05) and blood glucose (95%CI:-0.081--0.059, -0.051--0.029, P<0.05) decreased was the highest in the behavior intervention plus rosuvastatin, followed by the rosuvastatin intervention. The cholesterol (95%CI:-1.538--0.696, -1.391--0.535, P<0.05) and body mass index (95%CI:-0.677--0.024, -0.844--0.562, P<0.05) decreased had no difference in the behavior intervention plus rosuvastatin and rosuvastatin,significantly greater than the behavior intervention. (3) At week 12, the score of SQLS decreased significantly in the behavior intervention plus rosuvastatin (t=7.99) , rosuvastatin (t=6.25) , behavior intervention (t=10.98) , and increased significantly in the placebo (t=-3.10) . The score of MoCA increased significantly in the behavior intervention plus rosuvastatin (t=-8.75) , all P<0.05. Conclusions Behavioral intervention and rosuvastatin alone and in combination have efficacy for antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome, in which the combination therapy shows the best effect on improving MS and cognitive function. Key words: Antipsychotic agents; Schizophrenia; Behavior; Metabolic syndrome X; Rosuvastatin