Abstract
Geopolymer is a novel engineering binder with lower environmental impacts (CO2 emission, embodied energy and global warming potential) than Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Geopolymers can be synthesized from mixing high alkaline activators by industrial by-products such as fly ash and slag as the aluminosilicate source materials. Superplasticizers (SPs) are one of the common used admixtures added to conventional OPC concrete to improve its workability, rheology and mechanical properties. SPs are intended for use with OPC paste, mortar and concrete. The suppliers of SP do not intend them to be used in geopolymer mixes since SPs are attacked by alkaline solutions and degrade rapidly. However, some SPs can be used with geopolymer with limited effectiveness. This study presents a state of the art review of the effect of different SPs on slag and fly ash based geopolymers.
Highlights
Greenhouse gas emissions due to Portland cement manufacture is second only to emissions due to fossil fuel usage
This study presents a state of the art review of the effect of different SPs on workability, strength and rheological parameters of the slag and fly ash based geopolymers
Puertas et al (2003) investigated the effect of latest generation of SPs based upon vinyl copolymer and polyacrylate copolymer on the workability and strength of slag based geopolymer pastes and mortars activated by NaOH+Na2SiO3 solution (4% in mass of Na2O)
Summary
Greenhouse gas emissions due to Portland cement manufacture is second only to emissions due to fossil fuel usage. In order to tackle this problem, significant research and efforts are being undertaken to reduce the environmental footprints such as CO2 emissions, embodied energy and global warming potential in the concrete industry In this regard, one of the significant breakthroughs in the field of concrete technology in the 20th century was the development of geopolymers. The production of fly ash based geopolymer requires approximately 60% less energy than that required for manufacture of OPC resulted in low carbon emission (Li et al, 2004). Some SPs have found to work to a limited extent in geopolymer mixes probably related to their ability to resist the alkaline activators attack In this regard, this study presents a state of the art review of the effect of different SPs on workability, strength and rheological parameters (i.e., yield stress and plastic viscosity) of the slag and fly ash based geopolymers
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