Abstract
Currently, no effective treatment of comorbid complications or COVID-19 long-haulers during convalescence is known. This randomized, quadruple-blind, placebo-controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy of adaptogens on the recovery of patients with Long COVID symptoms. One hundred patients with confirmed positive SARS-CoV-2 test, discharged from COVID Hotel isolation, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), or Online Clinics, and who experienced at least three of nine Long COVID symptoms (fatigue, headache, respiratory insufficiency, cognitive performance, mood disorders, loss of smell, taste, and hair, sweatiness, cough, pain in joints, muscles, and chest) in the 30 days before randomization were included in the study of the efficacy of Chisan®/ADAPT-232 (a fixed combination of adaptogens Rhodiola, Eleutherococcus, and Schisandra) supplementation for two weeks. Chisan® decreased the duration of fatigue and pain for one and two days, respectively, in 50% of patients. The number of patients with lack of fatigue and pain symptoms was significantly less in the Chisan® treatment group than in the placebo group on Days 9 (39% vs. 57%, pain relief, p = 0.0019) and 11 (28% vs. 43%, relief of fatigue, * p = 0.0157). Significant relief of severity of all Long COVID symptoms over the time of treatment and the follow-up period was observed in both groups of patients, notably decreasing the level of anxiety and depression from mild and moderate to normal, as well as increasing cognitive performance in patients in the d2 test for attention and increasing their physical activity and workout (daily walk time). However, the significant difference between placebo and Chisan® treatment was observed only with a workout (daily walk time) and relieving respiratory insufficiency (cough). A clinical assessment of blood markers of the inflammatory response (C-reactive protein) and blood coagulation (D-dimer) did not reveal any significant difference over time between treatment groups except significantly lower IL-6 in the Chisan® treatment group. Furthermore, a significant difference between the placebo and Chisan® treatment was observed for creatinine: Chisan® significantly decreased blood creatinine compared to the placebo, suggesting prevention of renal failure progression in Long COVID. In this study, we, for the first time, demonstrate that adaptogens can increase physical performance in Long COVID and reduce the duration of fatigue and chronic pain. It also suggests that Chisan®/ADAPT-232 might be useful for preventing the progression of renal failure associated with increasing creatinine.
Highlights
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, can involve sequelae and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery, which has come to be called Long COVID [1,2]
One hundred patients with confirmed positive SARS-CoV-2 test, discharged from COVID Hotel isolation, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), or Online Clinics, and who experienced at least three of nine Long COVID symptoms in the 30 days before randomization were included in the study of the efficacy of Chisan®/ADAPT-232 supplementation for two weeks
We, for the first time, demonstrate that adaptogens can increase physical performance in Long COVID and reduce the duration of fatigue and chronic pain. It suggests that Chisan®/ADAPT-232 might be useful for preventing the progression of renal failure associated with increasing creatinine
Summary
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, can involve sequelae and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery, which has come to be called Long COVID [1,2]. A systematic review and meta-analysis in a total of 18,251 publications on 47,910 patients revealed that 80% of the patients developed one or more long-term symptoms including fatigue, headache, attention disorder, hair loss, and dyspnea in the follow-up time ranging from 14 to 110 days post-viral infection [2]. Another systematic review and meta-analysis in a total of 1963 studies on 3559 COVID-19 patients from China, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, France, Japan, Singapore, Canada, the UK, and the USA concluded that SARS-CoV-2 might cause delirium in the acute stage and fatigue, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and neuropsychiatric syndromes in the longer term [6]. Little is known regarding the effective treatment of comorbid complications or COVID long-haulers during convalescence [35,36]
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