Efficacy of a self-management program on quality of life in colorectal cancer patients: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

PurposeTo test the efficacy of a self-management program based on acceptance and commitment therapy on quality of life, emotional distress, fatigue, physical activity, and fruit and vegetable intake in patients with colorectal cancer. MethodsThe study was a randomized controlled trial. A sample of 156 patients with colorectal cancer (stage I–III) was recruited by convenience sampling and participants were allocated randomly assigned to control or intervention groups. The intervention included a colorectal cancer self-management information booklet, two personal skills training sessions, and 12 follow-up telephone calls. The control group received health education leaflets. Outcome variables were assessed in both groups at baseline and every two months thereafter during the six-month follow-up period. ResultThe mean age of participants was 62 years (range: 30–89 years). Generalized estimation equations analyses revealed significant differences over time in changes in anxiety (β = −2.22, p = 0.001), depression (β = −1.48, p = 0.033), fatigue (β = 4.46, p = 0.001), physical and functional measures (β = 6.16, p = 0.005), and colorectal-cancer–specific quality of life (β = 7.45, p = 0.012). However, there were no significant differences in changes in physical activity or fruit and vegetable intake over time. ConclusionThe self-management skills provided by oncology nurses, including symptom management, psychological adjustment, and relaxation exercises, help colorectal cancer patients to overcome the challenges of cancer survivorship, accelerate their recovery, and improve their quality of life. The trial numberNCT03853278 registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.