Efficacy of a long-acting formulation of ivermectin against Psoroptes ovis (Hering, 1838) on cattle

Abstract

A study was conducted in cattle experimentally infested with Psoroptes ovis to compare the prophylactic control against P. ovis provided by a long-acting injectable formulation of ivermectin to that of a commercially available injectable formulation of doramectin. Thirty Holstein steers were used. Animals were allocated by restricted randomization based on Day 0 body weight, forming six replicates of five animals each. Within each replicate, one animal was randomly allocated to one of the following treatment groups, with ivermectin and doramectin administered subcutaneously where indicated: (1) untreated controls; (2) ivermectin long-acting injectable (LAI) 630 mcg/kg, 56 days before challenge; (3) ivermectin LAI 630 mcg/kg, 42 days before challenge; (4) ivermectin LAI 630 mcg/kg, 35 days before challenge; or (5) doramectin 200 mcg/kg, 35 days before challenge. Animals were housed in individual pens 1 week prior to treatment. All animals were experimentally infested with P. ovis mites in the area between the shoulders, on the same day. Live mites were counted in scrapings from mange lesions at 2 sites on each animal 14, 21 and 28 days after challenge. Live mites were found in 33, 67 and 83% of the untreated controls on each respective evaluation. No P. ovis mites were found in steers treated with ivermectin LAI. Those animals showed lower ( P<0.05) mite counts than untreated controls on evaluations conducted 21 and 28 days after challenge. These results indicate that the ivermectin long-acting injectable formulation prevents induced infestations by P. ovis for at least 56 days after treatment. Doramectin injectable formulation, used at 200 mcg/kg, did not have a prophylactic effect 35 days after treatment.