Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes cause severe economic losses annually which has been a persistent problem worldwide. As current nematicides are highly toxic, prone to drug resistance, and have poor stability, there is an urgent need to develop safe, efficient, and green strategies. Natural active polysaccharides such as chitin and chitosan with good biocompatibility and biodegradability and inducing plant disease resistance have attracted much attention, but their application is limited due to their poor solubility. Here, we prepared 6-oxychitin with good water solubility by introducing carboxylic acid groups based on retaining the original skeleton of chitin and evaluated its potential for nematode control. The results showed that 6-oxychitin is a better promoter of the nematicidal potential of Purpureocillium lilacinum than other water-soluble chitin derivatives. After treatment, the movement of J2s and egg hatching were obviously inhibited. Further plant experiments found that it can destroy the accumulation and invasion of nematodes, and has a growth-promoting effect. Therefore, 6-oxychitin has great application potential in the nematode control area.
Highlights
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are one of the main diseases that affect crop yields and can cause economic losses of up to $157 billion per year [1]
The infrared spectrum of 6-oxychitin gave birth to two new weak peaks at 1651 cm−1 and 1259 cm−1, which were attributed to the vibration peaks of the -C=O- and -C-O- of the carboxyl group, respectively
The 6-oxychitin was prepared by oxidizing the primary hydroxyl groups of chitin C-6 to carboxyl groups, so its C6 signal should be weakened, and a new carbonyl peak appears at 178 ppm
Summary
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are one of the main diseases that affect crop yields and can cause economic losses of up to $157 billion per year [1]. The most effective measure in controlling nematode diseases is using chemical nematicides. The inefficiency and abuse of chemical nematicides, such as methyl bromide (MeBr) and aldicarb [2,3,4], have created many problems, such as high toxicity, high residue, and environmental pollution, which seriously threaten human health and the survival of beneficial biological populations that have gradually been on the verge of being eliminated. Regarding the biological control of nematodes, most of the current research is on the use of nematode antagonistic microorganisms to control the occurrence of nematode diseases. The biological control of PPNs has relied mainly on the direct application of live spores. Due to the complexity of the soil, it is difficult for biocontrol microorganisms to colonize the soil, resulting in unsatisfactory control effects that are difficult to apply widely in actual production [5,6]
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