Efficacy of 1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin gelatin capsule formulation for the control of soilborne pests

Abstract

A gelatin capsule (gel cap) formulation of the mixture of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) has been developed to reduce environmental emissions and potential human exposure from the use of 1,3-D/CP as a soil fumigant. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the biological efficacy of 1,3-D/CP gel cap formulations under greenhouse trial conditions. The current results indicate that a 1,3-D/CP gel cap formulation at 30 or 50 g a.i. m−2 can reduce the soil populations of Fusarium spp., Phytophthora spp., Pythium spp. and Meloidogyne spp.. In all tested crops, the 1,3-D/CP gel cap formulation provided marketable yields that were significantly higher than untreated controls and equal to the methyl bromide and 1,3-D/CP liquid injection treatments. Yields of tomato and a subsequent melon crop in plots treated with 1,3-D/CP gel cap were 93% and 87% greater, respectively, than the control. The yields of grafted cucumber and the subsequent balsam pear crop were increased by 16% and 201% respectively, compared to the control. The present study confirms that the tested 1,3-D/CP gel cap formulation provides a promising method for soil pest and disease control and reducing environmental emissions and potential human exposure in greenhouse vegetable cultivation.