Efficacy observations of 532nm laser curing pre-retinal hemorrhage

Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of treating pre-retinal hemorrhage with two types of 532nm laser photocoagulation. Methods Thirty patients (30 eyes) diagnosed with pre-retinal hemorrhage from January 2013 to August 2016 were collected. All 30 eyes underwent 532nm laser incision to drain the pre-retinal hemorrhage into the vitreous cavity by incising the posterior vitreous cortex or the internal limiting membrane. Unsuccessful drainage was resorted to laser photocoagu-lation treatment where the pre-retinal hemorrhage was directly photocoagulatd once or twice, the center of the yellow spot avoided. Before each operation and in the following week, two weeks, one month, and 3 months’follow-ups visits to check their visions and fundus photographs were arranged respectively to observe the curative efficacy and the absorption of pre-retinal hemorrhage. Results Of the 30 eyes treated by laser, 12 eyes (40.0%) were successful treated by laser incision draining the pre-retinal hemorrhage into the vitreous cavity while failure of laser incision were observed on 18 eyes (60%). The failing cases usually last for more than a week and were complicated by irregular scaphoid bleeding. The eyes in the failing cases were then treated by laser photocoagulation to facilitate the absorption of pre-retinal hemorrhage, of which 7 eyes underwent one laser photocoagulation and 11 eyes underwent twice. Hemorrhage was obviously absorbed in all eyes treated by laser photocoagulation, with the average time for absorption being 20.92 days. Visions were improved to various degrees, with a 5.0 lines average vision improvement in the follow-up visits a month later. No laser scars were left and no pigment hyperplasia were observed where the pre-retinal hemorrhage was photocoagulated by laser. No other obvious complications were observed in all cases. Conclusions 532 laser incision for pre-retinal hemorrhage is safe and effective, but its efficacy may be hampered if the course lasts for more than a week or if the type of bleeding is irregular scaphoid. For the cases in which unsuccessful drainage is observed, absorption of pre-retinal hemorrhage, improving vision and shortening course are achieved by laser photocoagulation later. Therefore, the two laser treatments are complementary in treating pre-retinal hemorrhage, and when combined them can be regarded as effective approaches to treating pre-retinal hemorrhage. Key words: Pre-retinal hemorrhage; 532nm laser; Treatment