Efficacy and Safety ofGwakhyangjeonggi-SanRetention Enema in Normal Rats and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Eunyoung Song,Jinhyeok Kwon,Junhee Lee,Jaewoo Park,Seungwon Shin,Junghee Yoo,Euiju Lee,Yongmin Bu

doi:10.1155/2013/765914

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to establish a protocol of retention-enema experiments and evaluate the antihypertensive effect and the safety of Gwakhyangjeonggi-san retention enema. Normal and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were divided into treatment and control groups, respectively. We applied the Gwakhyangjeonggi-san extract by decoction and 0.9% NaCl in each group, estimated the blood pressure and body weight, and performed HPLC analysis. ALT, AST, BUN, and creatinine were examined. The systolic blood pressure within each group in normal rats differed significantly in time effect, and so did the diastolic blood pressure in the treatment group of normal rats. The systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure showed significant differences in group effect in the treatment group of the SHRs. The time effect of the body weight in both groups of normal rats differed significantly, so did group × time and time effects in both groups of SHRs. AST, ALT, BUN, and creatinine showed no significant difference between groups. We concluded that the Gwakhyangjeonggi-san retention enema has a hypotensive effect in normal rats within the regular range of blood pressure, but an antihypertensive effect in SHRs. Also, the intervention is safe and does not affect the liver and kidney functions in normal rats.

Highlights

An enema is a procedure to infuse or drip medication into the rectum through the anus
Bloemen et al showed that butyrate enemas enhance anastomotic strength of the intestine [2], de Sounza et al investigated the budesonide and probiotics enemas which are effective to diminish colitis [3], and Bae et al suggested the anal therapy using Syzygium aromaticum could regulate immediate-type hypersensitivity or anaphylaxis [4]
AST, ALT, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine showed no significant difference between groups

Summary

Introduction

An enema is a procedure to infuse or drip medication into the rectum through the anus. Decoctions or liquids of medication are usually used as the external treatment. Retention enema is the way to keep drugs (normal saline, herbal medicine, or coffee, etc.) in the rectum for a relatively long time [1]. The target disease of most researches was colitis [3, 5, 7, 10]. These show that the method of the retention enema experiments is not unified, nor systematic

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