Efficacy and safety of standardized Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root extract on reducing stress and anxiety in domestic dogs: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is the most revered botanical in Ayurvedic medicine. It has been traditionally used to reduce stress and enhance overall well being in humans. This study aimed to investigate the adaptogenic effects of an Ashwagandha root extract in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris). In this 4-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 24 dogs experiencing stress and anxiety received either placebo or 15 mg/kg bodyweight of Ashwagandha root extract once daily. Outcome measures included urine cortisol to creatine ratio (UCCr), Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (CBARQ), Canine Brief Pain Inventory scale (CBPI), and Body condition score (BCS). Based on the data collected from all the dogs, Ashwagandha root extract supplementation was associated with significant improvements in stress-related signs. In comparison with the placebo, Ashwagandha intake was associated with a statistically significant reduction in urine cortisol to creatine ratio (P = 0.0005). Results from CBARQ revealed that Ashwagandha intake was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the fear and anxiety domain (P = 0.03), compared to placebo. There was also a statistically significant reduction in the CBPI pain severity (P < 0.0001) and pain interference (P < 0.0001) domains, compared to the placebo group. Ashwagandha intake was well tolerated in all the dogs with no reported adverse events. In conclusion, the intake of Ashwagandha root extract for 4 weeks was associated with significant reductions in UCCr, and signs of fear and anxiety and pain interference.