Abstract
Context: Edentulous patients under the use of removable prosthesis face important restrictions, including sociocultural ones and, for this reason, the insertion of implants has become frequent in clinical dental practice. However, the success of the method will depend on the sort of different types of bone grafting, quality of donor area and the residual amount of bone left in insertion site. Purpose: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different types of bone grafts used in maxillary sinus lifting surgeries for implant insertion. Methods: systematic review of randomized clinical trials or quasi-randomized. We used the guidelines of the manual of systematic reviews from Cochrane Collaboration and a sensitive search strategy in three electronic databases has been built. Results: We included six randomized clinical trials from different regions of the world with 135 participants. Bone volume was 3% higher on the grafted site with autogenic bone pure, but not a statistically significant difference DM: 3 (-8.48-14.48), the average percentage between the vital and non-vital bone showed up 0.82% higher on the grafted site with FDBA + PRP. The average percentage of vital tissue was also 15.8% higher on the side where PRP was used. Conclusion: the available evidence is insufficient to recommend a specific type of bone grafting in sinus augmentation (lift) procedures to place a dental implant. There was no statistically significant difference for bone volume, sensory loss, local inflammatory response and loss of implants, among others. For this reason, new randomized controlled trials that evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different types of bone graft for lifting of the maxillary sinus are necessary. Key-words: Maxillary sinus. Grafting, survey, technique, materials.
Highlights
One of the main complaints from partially edentulous patients are the discomfort associated with the wearing of removable dentures, the volume, the aesthetic, the impaired masticatory function and the influence on their social and cultural lives
The conclusion is that the graft with the mixture of autogenic bone with osteobiologic bone from pigs is as effective as the use of pure autogenic bone in maxillary sinus augmentation
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of osteoconduction of two different materials used as bone graft in maxillary sinus augmentation-BBM and beta-tricalcium phosphate, β-TCP-with autogenic mandibular cortical bone fragments
Summary
One of the main complaints from partially edentulous patients are the discomfort associated with the wearing of removable dentures, the volume, the aesthetic, the impaired masticatory function and the influence on their social and cultural lives. This is probably one of the reasons why dental implants have became so popular and are in a relevant position as an excellent and promising therapeutic method to obtain an appropriate oral rehabilitation in total and partial posterior edentulous patients minimizing those negative aspects (BALOCH; LENHARO, 2002). The criteria for selection of graft material were determined by the following: - Bone production potential inside sinus through a cell proliferation of transplanted osteoblasts or by osteoconductive capacity of the cells on the surface of the graft; -Ability to produce bone by mesenchymal cells osteoinduction; - Ability of the recently formed bone to develop into mature marrow bone; -Maintenance of mature bone over time without loss after loading; -Ability to stabilize implants when simultaneously placed with graft; -Low rate of infection; -Easy access; -Low antigenicity and -High level of reliability (SPIEKERMANN et al, 2000)
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