Efficacy and Safety of Lebrikizumab in Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a long-lasting dermatological condition that leads to skin irritation and inflammation. In cases of severe cases of AD biological therapy may be warranted. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to assess the efficacy and safety of Lebrikizumab, an IL-13 immunomodulator. Methodology: A systematic search was used in the following databases Medline, Scopus, Clinical Trials.gov registry (CT.gov), EBSCO, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar. The efficacy of Lebrikizumab was evaluated by using some measures such as Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA), Body Surface Area (BSA), and Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). The measures namely serious adverse events (SAEs), and non-serious adverse events (NSAEs) were used to assess the safety. The risk of bias was determined by the Revised Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in our meta-analysis with a total of 1,686 patients who had taken lebrikizumab (n =1,168) compared with placebo (n= 518). The total analysis demonstrated a decrease in the area and severity of eczema as measured by EASI when using lebrikizumab, this decrease was statistically significant compared to placebo (mean difference (MD): -25.60, 95% CI [-38.01, -13.18], P < 0.0001), statistically significant enhancement in the Change of BSA with lebrikizumab compared to placebo (MD: -9.81, 95% CI [-15.39, -4.23], P < 0.0006), and significant enhancement in the EASI 75 score with lebrikizumab compared to placebo (Risk Ratio (RR):2.60, 95% CI [2.17, 3.13], P < 0.00001). Lebrikizumab did not correlate significantly with the incidence of NSAEs and SAEs as concluded by the pooled analysis of safety. Conclusion: Lebrikizumab has demonstrated promise as a treatment option for AD. It has shown significant effectiveness across various measures and has exhibited a favourable safety profile. Future research is required to evaluate long-term safety and efficacy.