Efficacy and Safety of Indwelling Pleural Catheters

Abstract

In symptomatic malignant pleural effusions, mostly in a palliative situation, therapeutic procedures should be chosen to improve dyspnoea and the concomitant impairment of quality of life. Indwelling pleural catheters (IPC) have played an increasing role in recent years. The efficacy and safety of this method have not been adequately clarified under real-life clinical conditions. 94 patients, in whom IPC had been implanted because of a clinical indication, were analysed retrospectively with respect to efficacy and safety, together with patient characteristics, peri- and postinterventional complications, e.g. infections or pneumothorax, and long-term follow-up - with special emphasis on the occurrence of a pleurodesis. Overall, 89.5% (n = 85) of the patients received an IPC due to a recurrent pleural effusion caused by a malignant primary disease. The average duration of hospitalisation for patients did not decease as a result of their incurable condition and was 3.29 days. In 21.2% (n = 20) of the patients, pleurodesis occurred. Method-related complications arose for 33.2% (n = 32) of the patients, although further treatment was only needed in 8 patients. Late complications developed for 9 of the patients observed. The average survival period after implantation was 88.72 days. The results show that IPC is a technically straightforward, minimally invasive alternative to recurrent punctures or other methods of pleurodesis. A major benefit is the possibility of outpatient care.