Efficacy and safety of ibandronate given by intravenous injection once every 3 months

Abstract

Oral bisphosphonates are established therapeutics for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Alternative, simplified dosing regimens that improve tolerability and promote convenience may be advantageous. Ibandronate is a highly potent, nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate that can be administered as a convenient intravenous (iv) injection (over 15–30 s) in schedules featuring extended between-dose intervals. In a recent fracture prevention study, 1 and 0.5 mg iv ibandronate injections, given once every 3 months, were shown to dose-dependently increase lumbar spine and hip bone mineral density (BMD) and decrease biochemical markers of bone turnover in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, but the overall magnitude of efficacy provided by both doses was suboptimal. In the present study ( Intermittent Regimen intravenous Ibandronate Study: the IRIS study), the dose–response relationship with intermittent intravenous ibandronate injections was further evaluated in 520 postmenopausal osteoporotic women (aged 55–75 years, time since menopause ≥ 5 years, lumbar spine [L1–L4] BMD T score < −2.5). At enrolment, participants were randomized to receive either 2 mg ( n = 261) or 1 mg ( n = 131) ibandronate or placebo ( n = 128) intravenous injections, given once every 3 months. After 1 year, ibandronate therapy produced substantial and dose-dependent increases in lumbar spine and hip BMD, and decreases in biochemical markers of bone turnover, with the 2 mg dose providing significantly greater efficacy than the 1 mg dose. Most notably, lumbar spine BMD increased by 5.0% and 2.8% in the 2 and 1 mg groups, respectively, and decreased by 0.04% in the placebo group. Furthermore, total hip BMD increased by 2.9%, 2.2%, and 0.6%, respectively. Serum and urinary CTX, reflecting bone resorption, were decreased by 62.5% and 61%, respectively, with the 2 mg dose, and by 43.5% and 42%, respectively, with the 1 mg dose. Intravenous ibandronate was well tolerated with a similar incidence of adverse events to placebo. Importantly, no indicators of renal toxicity were reported. In summary, the 2 mg ibandronate regimen provides significantly greater BMD increases and significantly greater suppression of bone resorption markers than the 1 mg dose used in this study and in the previous fracture prevention study. Ongoing studies aim to further establish the efficacy and convenience of intermittent intravenous ibandronate injections in postmenopausal osteoporosis.