Efficacy and Safety of Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) as a Depigmenting Therapy in Extensive Vitiligo

Abstract

Abstract Background Patients with extensive vitiligo who have residual pigmentation affecting exposed areas especially acral sites or patients with vitiligo universalis often seek depigmentation. At present, there is no ideal depigmenting therapy available. Possible options include; monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone (MBEH) cream, phenol, cryotherapy and Q-switched lasers. Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) has been reported to rarely cause vitiligo as a side effect during the treatment of alopecia areata. Aim The aim of the present work is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DPCP as a depigmenting therapy in extensive Vitiligo. Patients and Methods This is a pilot single arm clinical trial study. Twenty patients with extensive vitiligo were recruited from the vitiligo outpatient clinic of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals. We used DPCP applied topically to residual pigmented patches (sensitization session then therapeutic sessions). Results Depigmentation occurred among 5 patients (25% of cases). Depigmentation occurred in different tested sites including the scalp, forearm and back. Itching and blister formation were the main side effects leading to intolerability to the DPCP treatment. Conclusion Cosmetic result of DPCP depigmentation was acceptable with no skin atrophy. Further studies could be done following other protocols using sensitization dose with less concentrations of DPCP to avoid patients' intolerance to the therapy.