Efficacy and mechanism of Xiaobanxia Decoction and categorized formula in preventing and treating delayed chemotherapeutic vomiting

Abstract

Objective To observe the pharmacodynamic effect of Xiaobanxia Decoction (XBXD) and categorized formula on cisplatin-induced delayed chemotherapeutic vomiting in rats, and to explore its prevention and treatment mechanism. Methods Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, ondansetron group, XBXD group, Ginger Pinellia Decoction group and Pinellia and Dried Ginger Powder group, with 10 rats in each group. The ondansetron group was given 2.6 mg/(kg•d) ondansetron, the XBXD group was given XBXD 22 g/(kg•d), the Ginger Pinellia Decoction group was given 31.5 ml/(kg•d) Ginger Pinellia Decoction, and Pinellia and Dried Ginger Powder group was given 0.63 g/(kg•d) Dried Ginger Powder. The blank group and the model group were intragastrically administered with normal saline. All the treattmens were last for three days and twice per day. After the first administration, except the blank group, the rats in all groups were intraperitoneally injected with 6 mg/kg cisplatin to establish chemotherapy-induced vomiting model. The kaolin intake of the chemotherapical rats were weighed every 24 h, and the ileum and medulla 5-HT, 5-HIAA, TPH and MAOA levels were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the model group, the kaolin intake of the chemotherapy rats in each treatment group significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of ileum 5-HT (308.04 ± 29.90 ng/L, 355.97 ± 19.16 ng/L, 389.97 ± 24.86 ng/L vs. 498.95 ± 13.92 ng/L) and medulla 5-HT (375.32 ± 19.33 ng/L, 395.18 ± 16.12 ng/L, 406.68 ± 12.09 ng/L vs. 478.52 ± 13.88 ng/L) in the XBXD group, Ginger Pinellia Decoction group and Pinellia and Dried Ginger Powder significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of ileum TPH (35.14 ± 2.68 ng/L vs. 47.31 ± 0.83 ng/L) in the XBXD group significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of medulla TPH (33.68 ± 2.79 ng/L, 38.19 ± 1.74 ng/L vs. 43.68 ± 1.53 ng/L) in the Ginger Pinellia Decoction group and Pinellia and Dried Ginger Powder significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of MAOA, 5-HIAA in the ileum and medulla of the XBXD group, Ginger Pinellia Decoction group and Pinellia and Dried Ginger Powder significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions XBXD and categorized formula can effectively prevent and treat delayed chemotherapy-induced vomiting in rats, and its mechanism may be related to decrease the TPH level and inhibiting 5-HT synthesis. Key words: Xiao Ban Xia Tang; Chemotherapy-induced vomiting; 5-hydroxytryptamine; Tryptophan hydroxylase; Rats