Efficacia della Ciclosporina 1.25% per via topica (collirio) nel trattamento della Congiuntivite Vernal

Abstract

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis is an emergent pathology. This is a form of severe and crippling conjunctivitis, which forces young patients into important limitations of their activities, especially outdoors. Only one half of the cases are associated with atopy and the aetiopathogenesis is still largely unknown. It is likely that particular climatic and environmental conditions (hot and humid climate, exposure to solar radiations) associated with a genetic predisposition may affect the appearance of the disease and its clinical expression. The main characteristics of this disease are marked photophobia and a possible corneal involvement, with high risk of permanent effects; the latter is due both to pathological complications (visual deficit from corneal ulcers, bacterial superinfection, keratoconus) and the iatrogenic effects of prolonged treatment with topical corticosteroids (cataract and glaucoma). The current therapies in our Centre and elsewhere involve the use of a collyrium made of cyclosporin diluted in artificial tears (at 1, 1.25 and 2% in the most severe forms). This topical therapy has proven effective, safe and free of side effects.