Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by bronchial hyper-responsiveness, hyperproduction of mucus and remodeling of the airways. Asthma, which often begins before the age of 5 years, is the most common chronic disease in children and affects approximately 10% of the population in affluent societies. As with many allergic diseases, asthma affects men and women differently. In childhood, such diseases are more common in boys, but this trend reverses at puberty, suggesting regulation by sex hormones. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on how sex hormones impact allergic inflammation and in particular, we describe the effect of male sex hormones on the development and function of recently described players in allergic response, the group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2).
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