Effets d’un régime obésogène enrichi en coproduits de sardine sur les facteurs de risque pro-athérogènes, chez le rat Wistar

Abstract

Aim of the studyThe effects of an obesogenic diet enriched in sardine by-products (Sardina pilchardus) on blood pressure, glycemic control and some cardiovascular risk factors, in particular pro-atherogenic were studied on an experimental model. Materials and methodsMale rats (n=12) weighing 200±10g were subjected to an adjustment phase of 10 days in an obesogenic diet containing 30% sheep fat. After this period, the rats were divided into two homogeneous groups. The first group (HF-SBp) consumes the obesogenic diet supplemented with 30% of by-products flour (F-SBp), and the second (HF) continuous to consume the obesogenic diet and serve as control. ResultsAt day 30, in HF-SBp versus HF group: a reduction was noted in diastolic (−11%) and systolic (−10%) pressure, glycemia (−19%), glycated hemoglobin percent (−43%), serum total lipids concentration (−22%), triacylglycerols (−37%), total cholesterol (−29%) and unesterified cholesterol (−30%), cholesteryl esters (−30%), cholesterol of very low density lipoprotein (−37%) and low density (−37%) was noted. Inversely, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and LCAT activity were enhanced by 19% and 77%, respectively. However, the atherogenicity index and membrane fluidity were reduced (P<0.05). ConclusionSardine by-products probably by their bioactive compounds properties seem to have antihypertensive, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antiatherogenic properties that could prevent and/or attenuate some metabolic disorders associated with obesity.