Abstract
A balance-of-payments constrained Kaldorian growth model, with endogenous technical change, is developped in this paper in order to illustrate the links between international specialization, the factors of non-price competitiveness and growth. A countiy’s exports depend on traditional effects such as the growth of world demand and relative price-competitiveness, but also on factors related to the quality of exported goods. The quality of the goods depends on learning effects and therefore is endogenous. The traditional opposition between «static» and «dynamic» criteria for international specialization is emphasized. An empirical application on the cases of Japan and Italy completes the analysis and proposes a modified Thirlwall formula for balance of payments constrained growth.
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