Abstract
The effects on the thermal properties and bioactivity of the substitution of CaO by La2O3, Y2O3 and Al2O3 in a glass of composition CaO·SiO2 were studied and compared. The trivalent metal oxides were all effective in raising the glass transformation and softening temperatures when they replaced CaO in the glass of composition CaO·SiO2. The experimental results suggest that Al2O3 plays the role of a glass-former, while La2O3 and Y2O3 behave as glass-modifiers. The tendency to devitrify appears to be the lower, the farther the glass composition is from those of the crystalline phases, owing to the need for diffusion over longer distances, the greater the composition difference. The substitution with the trivalent metal oxides is detrimental to the bioactivity, which is preserved only in the event of very small degrees of substitution. The most negative role appears to be played by Al2O3.
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