Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects in the dentin bond strength of dental adhesives (DAs) and biological effects using zinc (Zn)-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBN-Zn). Synthesized MBN and MBN-Zn were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction and the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) inhibition effects of DA-MBN and DA-MBN-Zn were analyzed. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS) test was conducted before and after thermocycling to investigate the effects of MBN and MBN-Zn on the MTBS of DAs. The biological properties of DA-MBN and DA-MBN-Zn were analyzed with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Compared with the DA, only the DA-1.0% MBN and DA-1.0% MBN-Zn exhibited a statistically significant decrease in MMP activity. The MTBS values after thermocycling were significantly increased in DA-1.0% MBN and DA-1.0% MBN-Zn compared with the DA (p < 0.05). It was confirmed via the MTT assay that there was no cytotoxicity for hDPSCs at 50% extract. In addition, significant increases in the alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin Red S staining were observed only in DA-1.0%MBN-Zn. These data suggest the 1.0% MBN and 1.0% MBN-Zn enhance the remineralization capability of DAs and stabilize the long-term MTBS of DAs by inhibiting MMPs.
Highlights
There has been remarkable improvement in dental adhesives (DAs) since 1955; the bond interface remains to be a very weak part of dental restoration
Because activated matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) degrade type I collagen fibers, which are a major component of the dentin matrix, researchers have claimed that MMPs have an important role in dentin–resin bond failures [1,20,21,22,23]
Studies have been conducted by mixing the MMP inhibitors with the DAs
Summary
There has been remarkable improvement in dental adhesives (DAs) since 1955; the bond interface remains to be a very weak part of dental restoration. A bonding resin is restored to dentin by the formation of a hybrid layer [1,2,3]. Two major factors are involved in hydrolysis at the hybrid layer: (1) hydrolysis of polymers in the hybrid layer or the DA layer and (2) hydrolysis of collagen fibers exposed in the hybrid layer by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which subsequently reduces the dentin–resin bond strength [9,10,11,12]. Because activated MMPs degrade type I collagen fibers, which are a major component of the dentin matrix, researchers have claimed that MMPs have an important role in dentin–resin bond failures [1,20,21,22,23]. New strategies using MMP inhibitors have been developed to increase the longevity and stability of dentin–resin bonds
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