Abstract
Background and Aim:The medical treatment of horses with nephrosplenic entrapment (NSE) of the large colon through administrating phenylephrine and rolling during general anesthesia was effective and less expensive than surgical treatment. However, the selection of drugs for non-surgical treatment of NSE is not a usual method for clinical practice. This study aimed to identify the effects of combined drugs on the cardiac and splenic response in horses and provide information on the NSE of the large colon for clinical application.Materials and Methods:Six healthy Thai native crossbred horses were enrolled in this study. Horses received two protocols with a withdrawal period of 14 days: Group 1 received xylazine (0.5 mg/kg IV) and adrenaline (1 mcg/kg IV), and Group 2 received xylazine (0.5 mg/kg IV) and adrenaline (3 mcg/kg IV). Heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), heart dimensions, and the splenic response of six horses were measured before the sedation, 30 and 60 min later, and 65, 70, 75, 80, 90, and 100 min after adrenaline administration. Doppler was used to obtain systolic blood pressure.Results:The HRV low-frequency and high-frequency power ratios decreased after using xylazine. Hypertension was observed after adrenaline administration. In this study, there were only minimal differences in the HR and respiratory rate between groups. However, overall cardiac and splenic parameters were statistically higher in Group 2.Conclusion:This study suggested that xylazine and three micrograms of adrenaline preserved the cardiac autonomic activity balance and were safe to use non-surgical applicability in horses.
Highlights
There are several protocols for treating nephrosplenic entrapment (NSE) of the large colon in horses
This study suggested that xylazine and three micrograms of adrenaline preserved the cardiac autonomic activity balance and were safe to use non-surgical applicability in horses
Figure-4: Two-way analysis of variance revealed an interaction of xylazine (0.5 mg/kg IV) and differences dose of adrenaline (1 mcg and 3 mcg IV) on (i) splenic dimensions; L1=Dorsocaudal to ventrocranial splenic edges; (ii) L2=Dorsocaudal to ventrocaudal splenic edges; (iii) pack cell volume; (iv) aorta diameter; (v) heart rate; (vi) systolic blood pressure; before drug administration, 30 min (T30), 60 min (T60), 65 min (T65), 70 min (T70), 75 min (T75), 80 min (T80), 90 min (T90), and 100 min (T100) after drug administration, *p
Summary
There are several protocols for treating nephrosplenic entrapment (NSE) of the large colon in horses. A non-surgical approach of the patient with NSE includes an intravenous administration of fluid supportive, analgesic agents, exercise, and rolling under general anesthesia [3,4,5]. A non-surgical treatment by administering alpha-adrenergic agents is a treatment procedure for NSE of the large colon in horses. Alpha-adrenergic agents such as phenylephrine were used to promote splenic contraction in the non-surgical treatment of NSE in horses. The medical treatment of horses with nephrosplenic entrapment (NSE) of the large colon through administrating phenylephrine and rolling during general anesthesia was effective and less expensive than surgical treatment. This study aimed to identify the effects of combined drugs on the cardiac and splenic response in horses and provide information on the NSE of the large colon for clinical application
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