Abstract
ABSTRACTWhole‐body vibration (WBV) therapy has been proposed as a therapy to reduce sarcopenia and improve muscle strength. The purpose of this study was to explore whether 12 months of WBV therapy increases myotendinous density and volume of the distal tibia as measured by HR‐pQCT in postmenopausal women in a parallel group, randomized controlled trial with 1:1:1 allocation to three arms. Postmenopausal women (N = 202) with low hip BMD were randomized to 20 min daily of 0.3g 30‐Hz WBV therapy, 0.3g 90‐Hz WBV therapy using the Juvent platform (Juvent, Somerset, NJ, USA), or no WBV. The main outcome measure was myotendinous density (HU) and volume (mm3) at the distal tibia measured at baseline and 12 months with HR‐pQCT. There were no significant effects on myotendinous density or volume at the distal tibia after 12 months of daily 30‐ or 90‐Hz WBV therapy compared with no WBV therapy. Mean change (SD) in myotendinous density from baseline was 4.6 (5.7) HU in the 30‐Hz WBV group, 3.9 (6.1) HU in the 90‐Hz WBV group, and 3.9 (5.4) HU in the control group (p = 0.70). Mean change (SD) in myotendinous volume from baseline was −7 (503) mm3 in the 30‐Hz WBV group, 111 (615) mm3 in the 90‐Hz WBV group, and 35 (615) mm3 in the control group (p = 0.50). In conclusion, WBV therapy at 30‐ or 90‐Hz for 12 months had no significant effects on myotendinous density or volume at the distal tibia as measured by HR‐pQCT in postmenopausal women. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Highlights
Sarcopenia, defined as an age-related loss of skeletal muscle, is a result of multifactorial changes that lead to declines in muscle mass, strength, and function.[1,2] Sarcopenia is common and is frequently associated with frailty, functional impairments, and an increased propensity for falls and subsequent fractures.[2,3] There has been great interest in how age-related muscle loss can be minimized to prevent functional disability, falls, and fractures, as these outcomes can have a significant impact on an individual’s morbidity and health-related quality of life.[4]
whole-body vibration (WBV) therapy consists of standing on an oscillating platform that oscillates vertically or sideways at a preset frequency and magnitude.[6]. Vibrations are transmitted from the feet up through the legs and are hypothesized to have interrelated effects on bone, muscle, and tendon.[7]. The therapeutic benefits for specific tissues and potential adverse effects of WBV are linked to the choice of plate, vibration frequency, and magnitude.[7,8,9]
Proposed therapeutic mechanisms of action of WBV include mimicking the impact of exercise by invoking the tonic vibration reflex or stretch reflex while voluntarily standing and simulating regional increases in circulation to bone, muscle, and tendon.[7]. Muscle volume and myotendinous density provide an indication of muscle and myotendinous tissue quality; lower density muscle is associated with higher fat content and lower muscle strength in older adults.[10]
Summary
Sarcopenia, defined as an age-related loss of skeletal muscle, is a result of multifactorial changes that lead to declines in muscle mass, strength, and function.[1,2] Sarcopenia is common and is frequently associated with frailty, functional impairments, and an increased propensity for falls and subsequent fractures.[2,3] There has been great interest in how age-related muscle loss can be minimized to prevent functional disability, falls, and fractures, as these outcomes can have a significant impact on an individual’s morbidity and health-related quality of life.[4]. Proposed therapeutic mechanisms of action of WBV include mimicking the impact of exercise by invoking the tonic vibration reflex or stretch reflex while voluntarily standing and simulating regional increases in circulation to bone, muscle, and tendon.[7] Muscle volume and myotendinous density provide an indication of muscle and myotendinous tissue quality; lower density muscle is associated with higher fat content and lower muscle strength in older adults.[10]. This study aims to determine if 1 year of WBV therapy in postmenopausal women has a beneficial effect on muscle and tendon of the distal tibia region, namely increases in the myotendinous density (MTD) and myotendinous volume (MTV). This site is clinically relevant for falls
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