Abstract
Biofilms at the tooth-restoration bonded interface can produce acids and cause recurrent caries. Recurrent caries is a primary reason for restoration failures. The objectives of this study were to synthesize a novel bioactive dental bonding agent containing dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) to inhibit biofilm formation at the tooth-restoration margin and to investigate the effects of water-aging for 6 months on the dentin bond strength and protein-repellent and antibacterial durability. A protein-repellent agent (MPC) and antibacterial agent (DMAHDM) were added to a Scotchbond multi-purpose (SBMP) primer and adhesive. Specimens were stored in water at 37 °C for 1, 30, 90, or 180 days (d). At the end of each time period, the dentin bond strength and protein-repellent and antibacterial properties were evaluated. Protein attachment onto resin specimens was measured by the micro-bicinchoninic acid approach. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model was used to test the biofilm response. The SBMP + MPC + DMAHDM group showed no decline in dentin bond strength after water-aging for 6 months, which was significantly higher than that of the control (P < 0.05). The SBMP + MPC + DMAHDM group had protein adhesion that was only 1/20 of that of the SBMP control (P < 0.05). Incorporation of MPC and DMAHDM into SBMP provided a synergistic effect on biofilm reduction. The antibacterial effect and resistance to protein adsorption exhibited no decrease from 1 to 180 d (P > 0.1). In conclusion, a bonding agent with MPC and DMAHDM achieved a durable dentin bond strength and long-term resistance to proteins and oral bacteria. The novel dental bonding agent is promising for applications in preventive and restorative dentistry to reduce biofilm formation at the tooth-restoration margin.
Highlights
Bonding agents are employed to bond the restorations to tooth tissues, and the toothrestoration interface is reported to be the weak link because bacterial invasion along the interface due to microgaps and leakage can result in recurrent caries.[3,4,5,6,7]
The antibacterial activity is increased by increasing the quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs) alkyl chain length (CL) from 5 to 16.19,20 A recent study produced dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) with a CL of
This study investigated the effects of water-aging for 6 months on sithe resistance to proteins and on the oral bacteria-eradicating ng ability of a novel bioactive methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-DMAHDM dentin adhesive for the first time
Summary
Recurrent caries at the tooth-restoration bonded interface is a frequent reason for restoration failure.[1,2] Bonding agents are employed to bond the restorations to tooth tissues, and the toothrestoration interface is reported to be the weak link because bacterial invasion along the interface due to microgaps and leakage can result in recurrent caries.[3,4,5,6,7] extensive work has been devoted to enhance the tooth-restoration adhesion.[8,9] In addition to increasing the bond strength, another good way to reduce biofilm formation at the margins is to apply antibacterial bonding agents. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the effects of water-aging for 6 months on (1) the dentin bond strength using bonding agent containing MPC and DMAHDM, and (2) the resistance to protein adhesion and antimicrobial endurance over time in water-aging. During 6 months of water-aging; (2) the new bonding agent DMAHDM had greater dentin bond strength than SBMP control (P containing MPC and DMAHDM would not show a decrease in < 0.05). 5a a aa a a were nearly four orders of magnitude (4 log) lower than SBMP control
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