Abstract
We report two observations concerning the addition of water vapor to the O2 gas flowing during Ti indiffusion in LiNbO3. (1) Outdiffusion is not completely suppressed (e.g., at 1100 °C an out-diffused mode occurs after 40 min when the flowing gas is 85% H2O). (2) Water vapor has an effect on the indiffused modes that is not due to suppression of outdiffusion. We compare planar guides diffused in dry O2, wet O2, and LiNbO3 powder to show this effect. Our data support the hypothesis that water vapor reduces the Ti diffusion constant (∼9×10−13 cm2/s with <3% H2O, ∼4×10−13 cm2/s with 85% H2O, at 1000 °C).
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