Abstract
Two food processing industries in Thailand, namely pineapple canning and tuna/sardine canning, were studied over a 10 year period to document effects of water reuse, recycling and resource recovery (both energy and product) on waste treatment needs and actual operations. Changes in terms of water consumed, energy required, waste generated, and costs per ton of raw material processed were calculated. Lower overall annual costs resulted from all water conservation and energy recovery schemes even though stricter pollution control laws were the motivating factor behind the changes. Unit design parameters of water use, energy use and waste load generated per ton of raw material processed are included for both industries to permit extrapolations for future waste treatment plant designs.
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