Abstract
BackgroundSeveral studies analyzed the associations of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms with urolithiasis risk in different ethnic groups. However, the results were inconclusive. To evaluate a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed.MethodsPubmed, EMBASE, Wanfang Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Weipu Database were searched. Data were extracted independently by two investigators. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of associations.ResultsTwenty-three case–control studies were included in this meta-analysis. Significant associations between ApaI, BsmI, FokI, and TaqI polymorphisms and urolithiasis risk were observed. However, sensitivity analyses for BsmI and FokI polymorphisms indicated that the results were not reliable and credible. In addition, there was a significant association of the ApaI-TaqI haplotype with urolithiasis risk.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggested that ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms in VDR gene were associated with urolithiasis risk.
Highlights
Several studies analyzed the associations of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms with urolithiasis risk in different ethnic groups
Disagreements were resolved by discussion. Studies included in this meta-analysis based on the following selection criteria: (1) evaluation of the ApaI, BsmI, TaqI, and FokI polymorphisms in VDR gene and urolithiasis risk, (2) using a case–control design, and (3) genotype distributions in both cases and controls should be available for estimating an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)
After reading the titles and abstracts, 127 articles were removed owing to abstracts, reviews, non-clinical studies, not case–control studies, and irrelevant to urolithiasis or VDR polymorphisms
Summary
Several studies analyzed the associations of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms with urolithiasis risk in different ethnic groups. Urolithiasis is one of the most prevalent uronephrologic disorders and affects approximately 10% of individuals in western countries [1]. In the US the prevalence has risen from 3.2% to 5.2% in just over two decades from the mid-1970s to the mid-1990s [2]. Previous studies evidenced the importance of genes in this disease. Studies of kidney stone-forming twins demonstrated a higher concordance for kidney stones in monozygotic than in dizygotic twins [3]. A family history was reported to increase the disease risk (2.57 times higher) in males [4]. It is important to identify the gene variants contributing to urolithiasis pathogenesis
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