Abstract
BackgroundThe UVB component of solar ultraviolet irradiation is one of the major risk factors for the development of skin cancer in humans. UVB exposure elicits an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are responsible for oxidative damage to proteins, DNA, RNA and lipids. In order to examine the biological impact of UVB irradiation on skin cells, we used a parallel proteomics approach to analyze the protein expression profile and to identify oxidatively modified proteins in normal human epithelial keratinocytes.ResultsThe expression levels of fifteen proteins - involved in maintaining the cytoskeleton integrity, removal of damaged proteins and heat shock response - were differentially regulated in UVB-exposed cells, indicating that an appropriate response is developed in order to counteract/neutralize the toxic effects of UVB-raised ROS. On the other side, the redox proteomics approach revealed that seven proteins - involved in cellular adhesion, cell-cell interaction and protein folding - were selectively oxidized.ConclusionsDespite a wide and well orchestrated cellular response, a relevant oxidation of specific proteins concomitantly occurs in UVB-irradiated human epithelial Keratinocytes. These modified (i.e. likely dysfunctional) proteins might result in cell homeostasis impairment and therefore eventually promote cellular degeneration, senescence or carcinogenesis.
Highlights
The UVB component of solar ultraviolet irradiation is one of the major risk factors for the development of skin cancer in humans
Total proteins extracted from UVB-irradiated and from control cells were subjected to two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)
The specific protein oxidation has been analyzed by the redox-proteomics approach
Summary
The UVB component of solar ultraviolet irradiation is one of the major risk factors for the development of skin cancer in humans. In order to examine the biological impact of UVB irradiation on skin cells, we used a parallel proteomics approach to analyze the protein expression profile and to identify oxidatively modified proteins in normal human epithelial keratinocytes. The skin is the largest organ of the human body. It provides a major anatomical barrier between the internal and external environment. The outermost layer of the skin is composed predominantly by keratinocytes that provide a barrier between the host and the environment. Keratinocytes are continuously exposed to UV irradiation, which is able to induce a dramatic surge of biological events such as sunburn, inflammation, cellular/tissue injury, cell death, and skin cancer. UVB (290-320 nm) represents only 4% of the total solar UV radiation, it is responsible
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