Effects of urban growth boundaries on urban spatial structural and ecological functional optimization in the Jining Metropolitan Area, China

Abstract

Many serious ecological problems and changes in urban spatial structure in coal resource-based cities in China are attributable to rapid urbanization and human coal mining activities. Therefore, optimizing urban spatial structure and functions can help balance the opposing requirements of urban built-up areas and ecosystems. This research first used restricted ecological areas in the three scenarios and embedded them in the PLUS model. Subsequently, the Markov chain model combined with the ecosystem service value maximization optimization model predicted the land-use demand in two scenarios. Through the LEAS function of the PLUS model, the 19 influencing factors under the “pressure-state-response (PSR)” framework were analyzed. The important driving factors affecting land use were obtained and embedded in the PLUS model. Finally, the urban growth boundary (UGB) for the Jining Metropolitan Area (JMA) in 2030 to optimize the urban spatial structure and ecological functions was determined for four scenarios: natural development (ND), ecological security (ES), multiregulation integrity (MR), and ecosystem health (EH). After comparing the UGB in these four scenarios, we found that the ES scenario ensured ES in the JMA. Additionally, under the EH scenario, the urban spatial structure and functions were further optimized. Our research could provide new ideas and technical support for the rational layout of the spatial structure and functions of coal resource-based cities.