Abstract
It is known that ultrasonication has a certain effect on thermophysical properties and heat transfer of nanofluids. The present study is the continuation of the authors’ previous research on the effects of ultrasonication on the thermophysical properties of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)-water nanofluid. Investigating the effects of ultrasonication time on samples’ stability, rheological properties, and pumping power of a water-based nanofluid containing MWCNTs nanoparticle is the main objective of the present study. The two-step method has been employed to prepared the samples. Moreover, a probe-type ultrasonic device has been used, and different ultrasonication times have been applied. The samples’ stability is investigated in different periods. The results revealed that prolonging the ultrasonication time to 60 min leads to improving the samples’ stability while prolonging ultrasonication time to higher than 60 min resulted in deteriorating the stability. As for dynamic viscosity, it is observed that increasing ultrasonication time to 60 min leads to decreasing the dynamic viscosity of the samples. As for pumping power, it is observed that the maximum increase in fanning friction factor ratio is less than 3%, which shows that adding MWCNTs to water does not impose a considerable penalty in the required energy for pumping power.
Highlights
It is known that ultrasonication has a certain effect on thermophysical properties and heat transfer of nanofluids
First of all, the rheological behavior of the studied nanofluid will be investigated over a different range of temperatures, solid concentrations, and shear rates
The effects of ultrasonication time on the stability, rheological properties, and pumping power management of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)-water nanofluid have been studied over different ranges of temperature and solid concentrations
Summary
It is known that ultrasonication has a certain effect on thermophysical properties and heat transfer of nanofluids. There is no denying the fact that introducing nanofluids (NFs), which are suspensions of nano-sized particles into the conventional working fluids, by Choi and Eastman[1] in 1995 has opened new doors to improve the heat transfer performance in different applications After this pioneering study by Choi and E astman[1], many researchers investigated the stability and thermophysical p roperties[2,3,4], heat t ransfer[5,6,7,8,9,10,11], applications of artificial intelligence in predicting the thermophysical properties of nanofluids[12,13,14,15,16], and applications of various NFs17–21. Finding the optimum sonication time is of paramount importance in the preparation of NFs to achieve the best stability and thermophysical properties
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