Abstract
To investigate the effects of biochar on soil carbon composition and transformation, the effects of 1%, 2%, and 5% mass ratios of banana and cassava straw biochar on carbon dioxide release, total organic carbon (TOC), soluble organic carbon (SOC), and enzyme activity in soil were studied in incubation experiments at a constant temperature in the laboratory. The results showed that the cumulative CO2 emissions from cassava straw were 15.82 (1% addition ratio) and 28.14 μg·kg−1 (2%), which were lower than those from banana straw, i.e., 46.77 (1%) and 59.26 μg·kg−1 (2%). After culture, the total organic carbon contents of cassava straw were 8.55 (5%), 5.27 (2%), and 3.98 μg·kg−1 (1%), which were higher than those of banana straw, i.e., 6.31 (5%), 4.23 (2%), and 3.16 μg·kg−1 (1%). The organic carbon mineralization rate in each treatment showed a trend of increasing first, then decreasing, and finally stabilizing. There was a very significant positive correlation between catalase and urease activity in soil with cassava straw biochar and between catalase activity and SOC mineralization with banana straw biochar. It plays an important role in the transformation and decomposition of organic carbon. These results show that the application of biomass carbon can significantly improve the organic carbon content and enzyme activity of farmland soil, increase the cumulative mineralization amount and mineralization rate of SOC, and thus increase the carbon sequestration capacity of soil.
Highlights
The link between the sharp change in global climate and the gradual increase in greenhouse gases, which is mainly manifested by global warming, is clear at a glance
Ameloot et al [36]. reported, biochar was prepared from willow wood (Salix dasyclados) and swine manure digestion material at 350 and 700 ◦C, respectively; when the four treatments of blank, DS350, DS700, WS350, and WS700 were applied to agricultural soil, the C mineralization in all treatments increased rapidly in the early stage, and the CO2 emission continued to increase at a much slower rate, which is similar to our results
There was no significant difference in cumulative CO2 emissions between the control group and 1% CSB, which indicated that the degree of mineralization of biochar may have been very small, which may be related to the concentration of biochar added
Summary
The link between the sharp change in global climate and the gradual increase in greenhouse gases, which is mainly manifested by global warming, is clear at a glance. Biochar with a developed pore structure and large specific surface area can adsorb and encapsulate soil organic matter to reduce the mineralization of organic matter and carbon emissions [10], and the adsorption of CO2 by biochar will reduce carbon flux with the atmosphere [11]. This shows that biochar, as a carbon sequestration and emission reduction material, has the potential to be applied to soil over a long period
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