Abstract
Exosomes are 30-120nm bio particles transferred from donor to recipient cells leading to modification in their regulatory mechanisms depending upon the coded message in the form of loaded biomolecule. Cancer cells derived exosomes the true representatives of the parent cells have been found to modify the tumor surrounding/distinct regions and participate in metastasis, angiogenesis and immune suppression. Tis study was aimed to study the effects of tumor mice derived exosomes on the normal mice spleen isolated T cells by using co-culture experiments and flow cytometer analysis. We mainly focused on some of the T cells population and cytokines including IFN-γ, FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and KI67 (proliferation marker). Overall results indicated random changes in different set of experiments, where the cancer derived exosomes reduced the IFN-γ expression in both CD4 and CD8 T cells, similarly the Treg cells were also found decreased in the presence of cancer exosomes. No significant changes were observed on the Ki67 marker expression. Such studies are helpful in understanding the role of cancer exosomes in immune cells suppression in tumor microenvironment. Cancer exosomes will need to be validated in vivo and in vitro on a molecular scale in detail for clinical applications.
Highlights
Cancer patients are still poorly investigated (Jeske et al, 2018) and angiogenesis has been one of the major focal points in cancer research (Katona et al, 2015)
Our results demonstrated that CD4 T cells were shown a lower expression of IFNγ (3.8%) in the presence of tumor exosomes in comparison with normal exosomes (13.7%) and none treated T cells (11.4%)
The cancer exosomes effected the expression of IFNγ in CD4 T cells but was reduced in CD8 T cells, where T cells treated with tumor exosomes were 4.48%, normal exosomes treated cells were shown the expression of CD8-IFNγ as 9.9% and the results were more similar between normal exosomes treated T cells (10.9%) and none treated T cells (9.9%)
Summary
Cancer patients are still poorly investigated (Jeske et al, 2018) and angiogenesis has been one of the major focal points in cancer research (Katona et al, 2015). T-cell immunotherapy is frequently being used to cure solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This needs a greater understanding of the T cells found in the lungs of NSCLC patients (Reuben et al, 2020). NSCLC has a large mutational burden (Alexandrov et al, 2013), which has been related to tumor-specific antigens known as neo-antigens, which can activate anti-tumor T cell responses in the host
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