Abstract
Crop yield decrease is the main concern when a pathogen or plague is identified in an agriculture field. Thus, part of this issue can be attributed to plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs), such as Meloidogyne species, due to, most of the time, the hard diagnosis, and non-specific symptoms. Its management is mainly based on chemical pesticides, followed by a few potential biological control agents, and the management system. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of biological agents in Meloidogyne incognita control in different soil systems. For that, two biological products were chosen, Trichoderma asperellum BV10 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BV03, and soils were sampled from three different managements systems: (i) soybean no-tilled system at Goiás state, Brazil; (ii) forest soil at Goiás state, Brazil, and (iii) soybean conventional managed system at Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. Biocontrol and growth promotion effects, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and soil respiration were determined in vegetation house and laboratory, respectively. As a result, both BV10 and BV03 had significant nematode control activity, comparing to control treatment, in all the three soils systems. Plus, the number of immobile nematodes by potential VOCs had significant increase when BV03 was applied, while the application of BV10 agent raised the soil respiration rate. In conclusion, both biocontrol agents presented great efficiency in control M. incognita, with better performance of BV03. Lastly, more studies must be done to elucidate how the resident soil microbiome can influence on biocontrol agent establishment and performance, as well as the consequence of the application of biological products on soil microbiome network.
Highlights
Pathogens and pests are the major responsible of crop yield decrease in agriculture, resulting in economic losses at national and global level (Savary et al, 2019; Benttoumi et al, 2020)
Plant root fresh mass from conventional managed soil had significant weight difference when received BV10 and BV03 treatments, compared to control. It showed the lowest weight of root fresh mass in control and BV10 treatments when compare with other soils (Table 1)
BV03 showed a better efficiency in decrease nematode number of eggs per gram of roots compared to BV10, in all three soils
Summary
Pathogens and pests are the major responsible of crop yield decrease in agriculture, resulting in economic losses at national and global level (Savary et al, 2019; Benttoumi et al, 2020). Part of this issue can be attributed to plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs), microscopic roundworms, ranging from 250 μm to 12 mm in length, found in the soil (Kumar & Yadav, 2020). Vol 14, No 2; 2022 plantations (d’Errico et al, 2016; Xiang et al, 2017) Species such as M. incognita and M. javanica are the most common studied species of PPN. Its management is basically based on chemical pesticides such as fumigants and organophosphates (Benttoumi et al, 2020), as well as some potential biological control agents such as Bacillus and Trichoderma species (Chinheya et al, 2017; d’Errico et al, 2019; Pocurull et al, 2020)
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