Effects of Tributyrin on Intestinal Energy Status, Antioxidative Capacity and Immune Response to Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in Broilers.

Jiaolong Li,Yongqing Hou,Binying Ding,Joshua Gong,Hongyi Qiu,Lei Wang,Jun Zhang,Dan Yi

doi:10.5713/ajas.15.0286

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of tributyrin (TB) on the growth performance, pro-inflammatory cytokines, intestinal morphology, energy status, disaccharidase activity, and antioxidative capacity of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 160 one-day-old Cobb broilers were allocated to 1 of 4 treatments, with 4 replicated pens per treatment and 10 birds per pen. The experiment consisted of a 2×2 factorial arrangements of treatments with TB supplementation (0 or 500 mg/kg) and LPS challenge (0 or 500 μg/kg body weight [BW]). On days 22, 24, and 26 of the trial, broilers received an intraperitoneal administration of 500 μg/kg BW LPS or saline. Dietary TB showed no effect on growth performance. However, LPS challenge decreased the average daily gain of broilers from day 22 to day 26 of the trial. Dietary TB supplementation inhibited the increase of interleukin-1β (in the jejunum and ileum), interleukin-6 (in the duodenum and jejunum), and prostaglandin E2 (in the duodenum) of LPS-challenged broilers. Similar inhibitory effects of TB in the activities of total nitric oxide synthase (in the ileum) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (in the jejunum) were also observed in birds challenged with LPS. Additionally, TB supplementation mitigated the decrease of ileal adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate and total adenine nucleotide and the reduction of jejunal catalase activity induced by LPS. Taken together, these results suggest that the TB supplementation was able to reduce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improve the energy status and anti-oxidative capacity in the small intestine of LPS-challenged broilers.

Highlights

With high stocking intensity and high yield in modern poultry production, birds are inevitably exposed to considerable stress during their productive lifetime (Panda et al, 2009)
Growth performance During the 26-day experimental period, there was no significant difference in average daily feed intake (36.7±3.2 g vs 38.0±4.0 g) and average daily gain (ADG) (26.1±2.6 g vs 27±3.1 g) between the control and TB groups
Significant interactions between TB and LPS were observed at the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)

Summary

Introduction

With high stocking intensity and high yield in modern poultry production, birds are inevitably exposed to considerable stress during their productive lifetime (Panda et al, 2009). Or abdominally injected LPS can increase the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, induce inappropriate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress (Hou et al, 2013), and alter the intestinal dysfunction (Blikslager et al, 2007; Hou et al, 2013). Butyrate derived from the fermentation of non-starch polysaccharides was considered as a potential alternative to antibiotic growth promoter (Czerwiński et al, 2012; Zhang et al, 2013) due to the fact that butyric acid can act as an energy source for animals (Mahdavi and Torki, 2009), inhibit enteric pathogens (Namkung et al, 2011), reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Zhang et al, 2011), and promote gut health (Claus et al, 2007) and

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