Abstract
Physical exercise has a positive impact on anxiety and depression. However, the evidence that associates strength training with a decrease in adolescents’ psychosocial disorders is scarce. Consequently, the objective was to analyze the effects of training with different modes of strength intervention on anxiety, stress, and depression in adolescents. The search was designed according to PRISMA®. We searched WoS, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and MEDLINE (2010–2020). Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration. The analysis was carried out with a standardized mean difference (SMD) pooled using the Hedges g test (95% CI). The Main Outcome Measures were: anxiety, stress, and depression in adolescents post strength training. Nine studies were included in the systematic review and seven in the meta-analysis. These studies showed a large and significant effect of strength training on anxiety (SMD = −1.75; CI = 95%: −3.03, −0.48; p = 0.007) and depression (SMD = −1.61; CI = 95%: −2.54, −0.67, p = 0.0007). In conclusion, training with different modes of strength intervention have shown control over anxiety and depression in adolescents. However, conventional strength training seems to have better results than other modes of strength intervention.
Highlights
Variables such as anxiety are considered an emotional reaction consisting of a unique combination of feelings of tension, apprehension, and nervousness, as well as unpleasant thoughts of worry and physiological changes associated with the activation of the autonomic nervous system [2]
Stress is defined as a psychological condition that occurs when a subject observes a substantial imbalance between the demands that he or she endures and his or her ability to meet them [3]
There are indications that different modes of strength intervention are a suitable methodology for controlling anxiety and depression levels in adolescents
Summary
Depression is defined as a mood condition, such as excessive sadness and/or a significantly reduced experience of pleasure These mental health disorders are called psychosocial disorders [4,5]. An adolescent psychosocial disorder can lead to decreased academic performance, increased drug use and consumption, and increased potential for suicidal ideation [8] and has even been associated with decreased interest in physical activity [9]. The latter has been considered one of the determining factors for reducing anxiety, stress, and depression levels [10]
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