Effects of training in modifying working methods during common patient-handling activities

Abstract

It is commonly recommended that those who must perform strenuous physical exertions be given training in proper techniques, and that musculoskeletal risks are thereby minimized. In the present study, the effects of training were examined at a behavioral level, and it was assumed that any long-term reduction in injuries must be preceded by measurable changes in how exertions are performed. Because of high injury incidence rates among nurses, common patient-handling tasks were the basis of the study. Participants performed several such tasks and sub-groups received training that consisted of either a commercial video or combined lecture and practice sessions. Compared to a control group, several perceptual, postural, and biomechanical measures were significantly altered following training. Specifically, training was associated with the adoption of a more upright lifting posture, and this change was retained in follow-up measures obtained after 4–6 weeks. While substantial inter-subject variability was present, the results suggest that training can modify behaviors in an intended direction. This observation provides support for the use of training as potential control measure, however more information is needed regarding retention and the relationship between trained behaviors and long-term injury risk. Relevance to industry Numerous training techniques have been recommended as ergonomic controls, yet there is mixed evidence regarding their efficacy. This study evaluates the potential of training to modify behaviors, and thus potentially reduce injury risk, in a setting of patient handling.