Effects of Toluene and Benzoic Acid on the Kinetics of Ferrous Oxidation on Pt and Nafion‐Coated Pt Electrodes

Abstract

The electrochemical kinetics of Fe2+ oxidation to Fe3+ have been investigated by cyclic and ring disk electrode voltammetry in the absence and presence of the contaminants toluene (7 mM, saturated solution) or benzoic acid (16 mM) in 1M electrolyte on (i) smooth Pt electrodes, (ii) Nafion‐coated smooth Pt electrodes, and (iii) Pt electrodes electrodeposited within a Nafion film coated onto a glassy carbon (GC) substrate. On uncoated Pt, the kinetics are adversely affected by these two organics: both the anodic transfer coefficient and the apparent standard rate constant are decreased. A 3.7 μm Nafion coating, however, effectively buffers the smooth Pt electrode from toluene, but, nevertheless, benzoic acid still affects the reaction rate. In contrast, the transfer coefficient and rate constant for Fe2+ oxidation on the Pt/Nafion/GC electrode are esseentially unaffected by either toluene or benzoic acid. Qualitative features of the voltammograms also indicate that the Nafion film protects the Pt from contamination by these aromatics: two current plateaus are observed using an uncoated Pt electrode in the presence of toluene or benzoic acid with a ratio which increases with rotation rate; with the Nafion coating on a smooth Pt electrode and in the presence of toluene, however, there is only one current plateau; in the presence of benzoic acid, two current plateaus remain, but the ratio is nearer unity and less sensitive to rotation rate. In contrast, only a single plateau current is observed using the Pt/Nafion/GC electrode. The Nafion coating is apparently an effective buffer layer against these two aromatics, but concurrently affects a decrease in the mass‐transfer limited current due to the diffusional resistance of the film.