Abstract
This study aimed to explore the expression of tissue factor (TF), protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and influence on invasiveness. Stable MCF-7 cells transfected with TF cDNA and with TF ShRNA were established. TF, PAR-2, and MMP-9 protein expression was analyzed using indirect immunofluorescence and invasiveness was evaluated using a cell invasion test. Effects of an exogenous PAR-2 agonist were also examined. TF protein expression significantly differed between the TF cDNA and TF ShRNA groups. MMP-9 protein expression was significantly correlated with TF protein expression, but PAR-2 protein expression was unaffected. The PAR- 2 agonist significantly enhanced MMP-9 expression and slightly increased TF and PAR-2 expression in the TF ShRNA group, but did not significantly affect protein expression in MCF-7 cells transfected with TF cDNA. TF and MMP-9 expression was positively correlated with the invasiveness of tumor cells. TF, PAR-2, and MMP-9 affect invasiveness of MCF-7 cells. TF may increase MMP-9 expression by activating PAR-2.
Highlights
Tissue factor (TF) is an important clotting promoter that is involved in intracellular signal transduction and tumorigenesis
This study aimed to explore the expression of tissue factor (TF), protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and influence on invasiveness
PAR-2 expression significantly differed between the two groups.25.0 cancer cells, lane 2 represents the MCF-7 cells transfected Relationship of TF, PAR-2, and Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-9 protein expression with TF cDNA, and lane 3 represents the MCF-7 cells with cell invasion transfected with TF shRNA
Summary
Tissue factor (TF) is an important clotting promoter that is involved in intracellular signal transduction and tumorigenesis. The combination of TF with factor VIIa, as well the combination of TF with factor VII and protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) (Hjortoe et al, 2004; Morris et al, 2006) induces tumor cells to form new blood vessels and promote metastasis. TF changes the expression of cancer extracellular matrix proteins through a variety of signaling pathways. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes important for degrading the extracellular matrix (ECM) that can promote cancer cell invasion and metastasis by degrading ECM proteins, thereby allowing tumor cells to penetrate the basement membrane (Tryggvason et al, 1987). This study investigates TF, PAR-2, and MMP9 expression in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and its influence on tumor cell invasiveness
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