Effects of Ti–Al Complex Deoxidization Inclusions on Nucleation of Intragranular Acicular Ferrite in C–Mn Steel

Abstract

The influences of Ti–Al complex deoxidation inclusions on nucleation of intragranular acicular ferrite (IAF) in C–Mn steel have been investigated based on four specimens with different Ti and Al contents. The inclusions of Steel 1 and Steel 2 both containing high Al are detected as Al2O3 and Ti3O5 · Al2O3, respectively. Owing to the low concentration of Mn in these inclusions, the manganese depletion zones (MDZs) which act as predominant driving force of IAF nucleation could not form easily. In Steel 3, Ti3O5–MnS is found as the main inclusion, which could be considered as potent nucleus. However, the excessive Ti leads to the aggregation of numerous inclusions less than 1 µm at grain boundaries, consequently restraining the nucleation of IAF. The main inclusions of Steel 4 containing low Al and medium Ti are found as Ti3O5 · Al2O3 · MnO, which effectively facilitate IAF nucleation. The size of inclusions mainly distributes in optimum zone corresponding to the maximum possibility of IAF nucleation. Therefore, the Al should be controlled as low as possible to ensure the nucleating effectivity of inclusion. While Ti should be appropriately controlled at medium level to distribute the inclusion size in the optimum zone to obtain well‐developed microstructures of IAF in C–Mn steel.