Effects of Three Different Hip Positions in Frontal Plane on Activity of Abdominal Muscles During Active Straight-Leg Raise

Abstract

Active straight-leg raise (ASLR) is a physical evaluation procedure to test lumbar spine stability. Several previous studies have reported various methods to control the activation of abdominal muscles during ASLR. We investigated the effects of three different hip positions in frontal plane on abdominal muscles to increase or decrease the difficulty level of lumbar spine stability exercise during ASLR in pain free subjects. Eleven young and healthy subjects voluntarily participated in this study (6 men, 5 women; mean age=<TEX>$24.0{\pm}1.2$</TEX> years, height=<TEX>$160.0{\pm}7.3cm$</TEX>, weight=<TEX>$55.0{\pm}10.6kg$</TEX>, body mass index=<TEX>$21.5{\pm}2.3kg/m^2$</TEX>). The subjects had three trials on each ASLR with hip <TEX>$10^{\circ}$</TEX> adduction, neutral hip, and hip <TEX>$30^{\circ}$</TEX> abduction. Separate repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post hoc Bonferroni tests (with <TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX>=.05/3=.017) were performed for each muscle among the three different hip positions in frontal plane (ASLR with hip <TEX>$10^{\circ}$</TEX> adduction, neutral hip, and hip <TEX>$30^{\circ}$</TEX> abduction). The ipsilateral external oblique (EO), contralateral EO, ipsilateral internal oblique/transverse abdominis (IO/TrA), and contralateral IO/TrA were significantly greater in ASLR with hip <TEX>$30^{\circ}$</TEX> abduction compared with ASLR with hip <TEX>$10^{\circ}$</TEX> adduction. Also, the ipsilateral EO, contralateral EO, and ipsilateral IO/TrA were significantly greater in ASLR with hip <TEX>$30^{\circ}$</TEX> abduction compared with ASLR with neutral hip. These results suggest that ASLR with hip <TEX>$30^{\circ}$</TEX> abduction and neutral would be useful method to strengthen the EO and IO/TrA. And, ASLR with hip <TEX>$10^{\circ}$</TEX> adduction would be effective in early stages of lumbar stabilization program due to low activation of EO and IO/TrA during maintaining of ASLR position with low load.